Origin:
Both native and introduced species.
Biology:
Either annual or perennial species, found either along the very wet shorelines of ditches or ponds, or in wet marshy habitats. They sometimes may grow from submerged soils. Reproduction is from seeds, but growth also is from the spreading rhizomes or stolons. Foliage dies back in cold winter climates, but may persist in warmer areas.
Identification:
Mature plants may get over 4 feet tall, as wide, thick, clumping masses of the stems. Stems are thin and leafless. The flower head forms as a single, compact, scaly clump at the end of the stem, consisting of from several to many individual flowers. It may be egg-shaped to elongate and cylindrical.
Characteristicts Important to Control:
These are perennials that re-grow from the roots. Extremely wet aquatic or semi-aquatic habitats are preferred.
